Fundamental Data Types in C++

C++ is a powerful programming language that allows you to work with various data types to store and manipulate information. These data types are fundamental building blocks in C++ and are used extensively in coding. In this article, we will explore some commonly used fundamental data types in C++, including int, float, double, char, and bool.

1. Int (Integer)

The int data type is used to store whole numbers, both positive and negative, in C++. It has a fixed size of 4 bytes and can hold values ranging from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. Integers are commonly used for counting, indexing, and numerical calculations.

Here's an example of declaring an int variable and assigning a value: cpp int age = 25;

2. Float

The float data type is used to store single-precision floating-point numbers in C++. It has a fixed size of 4 bytes and can hold both positive and negative values. Floating-point numbers are used to represent real numbers with fractional parts.

Here's an example of declaring a float variable and assigning a value: cpp float pi = 3.14159;

3. Double

The double data type is used to store double-precision floating-point numbers in C++. It has a fixed size of 8 bytes and provides higher precision compared to float. Double-precision floating-point numbers are commonly used for calculations that require more accuracy.

Here's an example of declaring a double variable and assigning a value: cpp double salary = 50000.50;

4. Char (Character)

The char data type is used to store a single character in C++. It has a fixed size of 1 byte and can hold any character, including letters, digits, symbols, and escape sequences. The characters are represented by their ASCII values.

Here's an example of declaring a char variable and assigning a value: cpp char grade = 'A';

5. Bool (Boolean)

The bool data type is used to store either true or false in C++. It has a fixed size of 1 byte. Booleans are commonly used for logical operations, conditions, and control statements.

Here's an example of declaring a bool variable and assigning a value: cpp bool isPassed = true;

Conclusion

Understanding fundamental data types is essential in C++ programming as they provide the foundation for handling different kinds of data. int, float, double, char, and bool are just a few examples of the many data types available in C++. By utilizing these data types effectively, you can create powerful and efficient programs.