Arithmetic Operators (+, -, *, /, %)

In the world of programming, arithmetic operations play a crucial role in manipulating numerical data. C++ provides a set of arithmetic operators that allow us to perform basic mathematical calculations. These operators include addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), and modulus (%).

Let's delve into each of these arithmetic operators and understand their functionality:

Addition Operator (+)

The addition operator (+) is used to add two operands together. It works with both numeric data types and strings. Here's an example:

int a = 5, b = 3;
int sum = a + b; // Result: 8

Subtraction Operator (-)

The subtraction operator (-) is used to subtract the second operand from the first operand. It works with numeric data types. Here's an example:

int a = 5, b = 3;
int diff = a - b; // Result: 2

Multiplication Operator (*)

The multiplication operator (*) is used to multiply two operands together. Like addition and subtraction, it also works with numeric data types. Here's an example:

int a = 5, b = 3;
int product = a * b; // Result: 15

Division Operator (/)

The division operator (/) is used to divide the first operand by the second operand. It performs regular division and produces the quotient as a result. It works with numeric data types. Here's an example:

int a = 10, b = 3;
int quotient = a / b; // Result: 3

Modulus Operator (%)

The modulus operator (%) is used to find the remainder after dividing the first operand by the second operand. It works only with integer data types. Here's an example:

int a = 10, b = 3;
int remainder = a % b; // Result: 1

It's important to note that the modulus operator can be particularly useful in scenarios such as determining whether a number is even or odd.

Arithmetic operators are widely used in C++ programs to perform various mathematical calculations, manipulate data, and control program flow. Understanding how to use them effectively is essential for any C++ programmer.

In conclusion, the arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /, %) are fundamental tools to perform mathematical operations in C++. Their versatility allows programmers to handle numerical data efficiently and solve complex problems effectively.